Types of Feeding Tubes

Feeding Tubes are a medical device that provides food if a person is unable to consume adequate nutrition through oral eating. Tube feeding can be the sole source of nutrition or used in addition to oral eating. This method may be used when a patient has difficulty swallowing, and altered mental status, or a chronic illness that makes eating a challenge.  

When deciding to move forward with the feeding tube process, you and your doctor will have a conversation about which kind of feeding tube is the best fit for you or your loved one. The first aspect to consider is if this method will be for short-term, long-term, or permanent use. There are various types of feeding tubes to fit each individual’s medical condition. Sentido Health has provided information regarding the common feeding tube types, how they are placed, as well as the advantages and disadvantages of each type. The goal of this blog post is to help you better understand and transition to this new, healthy lifestyle. 

SHORT-TERM FEEDING TUBES (1-6 MONTHS)

NASOGASTRIC TUBE (NG TUBE) 

The NG tube is the second most common type of feeding tube. This short-term tube is inserted in the nose, through the esophagus, and into the stomach. They are externally secured with the specialized tape placed on the outer nose and cheek.  

Advantages

  • No surgery is required

  • Easy to replace in patient’s home

  • Feeding time is shorter

Disadvantages

  • Visible on the outer face

  • Younger children may be tempted to pull on the tubes

  • Increased risk for nasal congestion and aspiration.

NASOJEJUNAL TUBE (NJ TUBE)

The NJ tube is similar to the NG tube. This short-term tube is also inserted in the nose and will travel down the esophagus, but instead of stopping at the stomach, this feeding tube will continue past the stomach into the small intestine, also known as the jejunum.  

Advantages

  • No surgery is required

  • Beneficial to those whose stomachs don’t empty well

  • Can reduce the risk of reflux and aspiration

Disadvantages

  • Visible on the outer face

  • Younger children may be tempted to pull on the tubes

  • Feedings are slower due to being directed to the small intestine

LONG-TERM FEEDING TUBES

 G-BUTTON / GASTROSTOMY TUBE (G TUBE)

G-tubes are the most common type of feeding tube, and the G-button is one of many G-tubes. This low-profile tube is placed directly into the stomach and lays on top of the abdominal wall. Most G-buttons are kept in place by an inflated, water-filled balloon on the inside of the abdominal wall. 

Advantages

  • Decreased chance of being pulled or misplaced

  • The button is easy to replace in a patient’s home

  • The feeding tube is not visible to the public.

Disadvantages

  • The family must adequately clean the feeding tube

  • Possibility of skin irritation around the stoma site

  • Often requires surgery

JEJUNOSTOMY TUBE (J TUBE)

The J-tube is similar to the G-tube. This low-profile tube is also placed directly into the stomach and lays on top of the abdomen but will continue past the stomach into the small intestine, also known as the jejunum.  

Advantages

  • Decreased chance of being pulled or misplaced

  • Beneficial to those whose stomachs don’t empty well

  • The feeding tube is not visible to the public

Disadvantages

  • Feedings are slower due to being directed to the small intestine

  • Increased risks of clogs due to their small size

  • Requires surgery

For more information on each of the types of feeding tubes available please visit the Oley Foundation and/or the American Society for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition.